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A Perfect Wreck

On this day in naval history, during the War of 1812,  the USS Constitution, a 44-gun heavy frigate commanded by William Bainbridge, engaged, captured and burned HMS Java, rated at 38 guns.

The sharp action, which left Java dismasted and afire, caused the Royal Navy to change its tactics with regards to engaging US frigates, declining single-ship combat and only committing to action with a decided advantage.

(This latter policy was, however, studiously ignored by Captain Philip Broke of HMS Shannon in June the next year.)

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15 comments to A Perfect Wreck

  • SCOTTtheBADGER

    Broke was a pioneer in gunfire control. He had marking placed on the deck of SHANNON at each gun describing 180 degree arc behind each gun, and had a pelorus placed amidships, so he was able to concentrate his fire. Broke also believed in practicing his guns with his “director”, rather than the RN standard as fast as possible, at a range too close to miss. With the level of preperation he made, Broke deserved to win. By allowing himself to be provoked into attacking when CHESAPEAKE was not prepared, Lawrence did not stand a chance.

  • SK1

    A little known piece of the history of thus battle was that during the engagement, a shot came across the deck of USS CONSTITUTION taking out her wheel and killing the crew members who were manning the wheel at the time. Captain Bainbridge sent his Marines below to move the rudder by hand in response to his commands for the balance of the fight…..no small feat as the rudder weighs several tons.

    Once USS CONSTITUTION had triumphed over JAVA, Bainbridge sent his men to JAVA and stripped her wheel off the deck and had it affixed to CONSTITUTION. That same wheel is the wheel you see today on the deck of the USS CONSTITUTION when you visit her….

    One of the many facts I used to share with visitors when I gave tour there as a member of her crew from 1997-1998…..she is Boston’s most victorious team, 42 wins and no losses.

    USS CONSTITUTION will be the star attraction next summer when they commemorate the War of 1812 in Boston.

    • Snake Eater

      …wow…you were a member of the Constitution’s crew…
      …(1997-1998)…count me deeply impressed. ICSFTH… Best

  • Grizzled Coastie

    That’s one hell of a record. I’d love to see a turnaround cruise with that big beast of a ship. I toured her and I couldn’t believe how heavily built she was. If the RN officers would’ve gotten a tour before the war, I doubt they would’ve challenged her with their much lighter-constructed 36s.

    • SK1

      What is amazing about her is how light she is on her feet when she catches the breeze….the Mainsails are as large as the area of a basketball court….when full rigged, she would have a total of 36 sails.

      We sailed her in the Undersail Operation in July 1997 in ” Battle Configuration ” of 6 sails. They ran that way as you didn’t want to provide the enemy with a large amount of sail to target.

      • Paul L. Quandt

        SK1:

        That must have been so much fun. I saw her sometime between 1958 and 1960 and was greatly impressed.

        Paul

  • Grandpa Bluewater

    Magnificent ship, could run away from anything she couldn’t beat, and beat anything she could run away from.

    Magnificent history.

  • Mike Kozlowski

    …There is a marvelous and touching moment after Java surrendered that rarely gets mentioned – Java’s skipper, Captain Lambert, was mortally wounded and was taken below, nearly delirious. When Captain Bainbridge went aboard to accept Java’s surrender, Lambert through a supreme effort, composed himself long enough to offer Bainbridge his sword. Bainbridge himself was in considerable pain from a bolt that came off Constitution’s wheel when it was hit, but he was also remembering the three ships he’d lost himself (Retaliation during the war with France, George Washington commandeered by the Dey of Tripoli, and Philadelphia captured by the Tripolitians), and whatever faults Will Bainbridge may have had, he wasn’t going to humiliate a defeated enemy who had fought so well.

    And with that, Bainbridge gave Lambert his sword back.

    Mike

  • Grizzledcoastie

    I’ve dealt with live oak living on the Gulf Coast & they are amazingly tough. What’s even more amazing is that ships could be fashioned from such trees. Cutting the stuff eats saws for breakfast.

    I would love to see Old Ironsides under sail. Beautiful ship.

  • Hogday

    And this is where USS Chesapeake ended up, as the frame work for this mill. http://www.chesapeakemill.co.uk/ Incidentally, the former Hogpen (chez nous) was 100 yds up the road, with many of her timbers masquerading as beams in our ceilings. Ghosts?

  • And again, I highly recommend the fine documentary writing of Ian Toll: “Six Frigates.”

  • Oh, as we know, Jack Aubrey played a significant part in the fight, until that pesky US Marine shot him.

    Oh, yeah, Scott, it wasn’t just the great guns with Broke. I recall reading that everybody on Chesapeake’s quarterdeck was shot at least twice. There’s even a paragraph about it in “Starship Troopers.”

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